Porogaramu zisanzwe:
Igenzura rya semiconductor– Isuzuma rya wafer inyuma, gupima TSV (kunyura kuri silicon) no gusuzuma inenge nyuma yo gukata hakoreshejwe laser
Isesengura ry'ikosa– Gufata amashusho adasenya binyuze muri substrates za silicon kugira ngo harebwe inyubako zishyinguyemo
Gutunganya hakoreshejwe laser- Kwitegereza mu buryo nyabwo imashini ya laser ya 1064 nm, gucukura, cyangwa gusudira mu bumenyi bw'ibikoresho n'inganda.
Ubumenyi bw'ibyuma n'ibikoresho– Igenzura ry’imiterere y’uturere twagizweho ingaruka n’ubushyuhe bwa laser, imiterere y’uturemangingo, n’imiterere mito y’uturemangingo.
Mikorosikopi ya NIR fluorescence– Ku bipimo by’ibinyabuzima cyangwa ibikoresho bisaba gushyushya hafi ya infrarouge